My Concern for the Adventist Church: Part 2

Summary

Ellen G White’s (EGWs) testimony about the events leading up to a court case regarding an early Millerite movement preacher are unfounded when comparing hers with the testimony of 38 court witnesses who were also present that night.

What she says is nothing short of a miracle, and clearly an act of God, but she seems to be the only one who saw it that way. If a miracle happened, someone would have said something.  

Background Story

When I was seven years old, I took the stand as a witness for the prosecution in a publicised court case. One of the things I faced that day was some cross examination, which has the intent of uncovering any inconsistencies through changing testimony over time. 

While EGW is not subjected to cross-examination in this instance, the underlying principle of cross-examination is still upheld. A truthful and accurate testimony should remain consistent over time and withstand scrutiny. Conversely, if a testimony changes when challenged, it may indicate that certain aspects are false or mistaken.

In addition, I was also one of three witnesses to a miracle at 4 years old, and my story has never changed over the past nearly 40 years. It is one of my most vivid memories because of what happened that day. It was profound, and I will never forget how it happened. 

Ultimately there are other reasons why I doubt EGW was being truthful in this particular case, and we’ll discuss the biggest of those reasons in part 3. For now, lets talk about the arrest of Israel Damman, and how the testimony about that night from EGWs perspective has inconsistencies.

 

Introduction

There are a lot of commentaries on this particular case, including a short book dedicated to explaining it from an Adventist perspective. It is from the Ellen White Estate, and can be found in the EGW2 mobile application.

My grandmother told me about the Israel Damman case when I was a boy. Only in passing, but she mentioned that EGW at 19 years of age had not always been as conservative as she was after marrying James White, and that there had been a controversy over the behavior of the company she was keeping at one point. 

I have read both critic and defender of this story, yet the focus is not on the biggest piece to the puzzle. Only focusing on claims of inappropriate kissing in this story miss the bigger story which is that EGW bore witness to something happening that 38 witnesses in court (20 witnesses for the prosecution and 18 for the defense) never confirm.

I have obtained a copy of the original newspaper report, and I am able to share it. I will also copy and paste the report into this document so that we can use it for further reference and discussion.

The Arrest of Israel Damman

Here is the backstory on the events leading up to the arrest of elder Israel Damman and the court case that followed.

Elder Damman was a preacher in the Millerite movement, and a believer that though Christ had not returned in 1844, that his return was still imminent. He began preaching in a small town in the state of Maine that his followers should quit their jobs and ask the township to support them since the township were wicked and would soon suffer the wrath of God.

He believed both Christian (outside of his fold) and non-believer alike were destined to be destroyed at the second coming of Christ (which he said in trial was as soon as one week away), and that the saints should live off of those outside of the fold, since they were of no use any longer.

This was a sort of Robbin Hood mindset, except it was more like a “use the money of the wicked, because that’s definitely not a sin since we are chosen” sort of thing. And, it was all while they were also in the process of trying to save final souls before the return of Christ, believing that only their form of Christianity had been chosen.

Ellen White (age 19) was in attendance on one evening in February 1845, along with another woman in her early 20s. Both had visions, and maybe its’ worth mentioning that both had been sick much of their life. Regardless, many had gathered that evening to hear what these two women had to say.

In attendance at the home that night were a few witnesses who had come to the meeting to find out what these Millerites were up to, what they were teaching, and so on. Some of these would be on the witness stand for the prosecution during the trial of Israel Damman, though many of the Millerite movement would also take the stand in defence of Elder Damman and their belief in Ellen’s visions as well.

What led to the arrest of Elder Damman was that the state of Maine had laws against vagrancy, and since Elder Damman was teaching and practicing “living off of the wicked ” he had been reported for disturbing the peace. We must remember that this was a time without massive storage of food, there were no refrigerators and etcetera, so it was required of every able body to contribute to the increase of society during this era.

This is not the only case of arrests happening with the Millerite/Adventist movement. Many others were also jailed and put on probation for similar behaviors in other places. 

The meeting during the night of Elder Damman’s arrest lasted well past midnight, and the group convinced a couple of people to be baptised that very night around 11PM in the frozen river next to the town. One of them being convinced to be re-baptized by the group since one of the women had a vision that they would go to hell if they did not do it again that very night.

When the Sheriff arrived to arrest Elder Damon, he met fierce resistance from the group of believers, who according to his court testimony all held onto Elder Damon and would not let the Sheriff and his men remove him from the home. This testimony was not opposed in any way during the testimony of any of the witnesses for the prosecution or the defence; and as we will discuss after looking at the court testimony, there were witnesses with very extreme beliefs, as such as they would have felt it important to also mention what happened that night if Ellen White’s recollection of that evening were true.

Let’s look at some of Ellen White’s testimonies in her writings about what happened that night. Lets also recognize that this testimony was written over a decade after the event happened, and maybe she felt that enough time had passed that nobody would know the difference.

Elder Damman who was a close friend with Ellen and James White, had also stopped believing in her within about a year after this event due to too many conflicting statements from her visions [1]. Since he had parted ways, there really wasn’t anyone around to say which way it happened anymore. 

Trial Account from EGWs Perspective

This testimony is taken from EGWs book Spiritual Gifts Vol 2.

From Exeter we went to Atkinson. One night I was shown something that I did not understand. It was to this effect, that we were to have a trial of our faith. The next day, which was the first day of the week, while I was speaking, two men looked into the window. We were satisfied of their object. They entered and rushed past me to Eld. Damman. The Spirit of the Lord rested upon him, and his strength was taken away, and he fell to the floor helpless. The officer cried out, “In the name of the State of Maine, lay hold of this man.” Two seized his arms, and two his feet, and attempted to drag him from the room. They would move him a few inches only, and then rush out of the house. The power of God was in that room, and the servants of God with their countenances lighted up with his glory, made no resistance. The efforts to take Eld. D. were often repeated with the same effect. The men could not endure the power of God, and it was a relief to them to rush out of the house. Their number increased to twelve, still Eld. D. was held by the power of God about forty minutes, and not all the strength of those men could move him from the floor where he lay helpless. At the same moment we all felt that Eld. D. must go; that God had manifested his power for his glory, and that the name of the Lord would be further glorified in suffering him to be taken from our midst. And those men took him up as easily as they would take up a child, and carried him out.

After Eld. D. was taken from our midst he was kept in a hotel, and guarded by a man who did not like his office. He said that Eld. D. was singing, and praying, and praising the Lord all night, so that he could not sleep, and he would not watch over such a man. No one wished the office of guarding him, and he was left to go about the village as he pleased, after promising that he would appear for trial. Kind friends invited him to share their hospitalities. At the hour of trial Eld. D. was present. A lawyer offered his services. The charge brought against Eld. D. was, that he was a disturber of the peace. Many witnesses were brought to sustain the charge, but they were at once broken down by the testimony of Eld. D.’ s acquaintances present, who were called to the stand. There was much curiosity to know what Eld. D. and his friends believed, and he was asked to give them a synopsis of his faith. He then told them in a clear manner his belief from the Scriptures. It was also suggested that they sung curious hymns, and he was asked to sing one. There were quite a number of strong brethren present who had stood by him in the trial, and they joined with him in singing,

“When I was down in Egypt’s land, I heard my Saviour was at hand,” &c.
Eld. D. was asked if he had a spiritual wife. He told them he had a lawful wife, and he could thank God that she had been a very spiritual woman ever since his acquaintance with her. The cost of court, I think, was thrown upon him, and he was released.
Distracting influences have separated Eld. D. from his friends who believe the third message; but we hope the time is not far distant when he and many others in Maine will joyfully receive the message.

2SG 40.1 – 2SG 42.3

I want to take some time to state some nuances that will not be immediately apparent to a reader with first exposure to this testimony.

  1. Once we read the record of the court case, we’ll see that EGW has a tell in her testimony that helps us realize that she is in a state of exaggeration, or at least wishful thinking, since her testimony is that the court was so taken back by the defence that they asked if Elder Damman would give a synopsis of his faith from the bible, and that they even asked him to sing one of their hymns in court. 
    • While this claim is extraordinary, it might defy logic when understanding that court order is not something to be taken lightly, and for the court to have made these requests on their own would have certainly meant that he was acquitted of all charges. 
    • To the contrary, he was not acquitted of charges, as the court was adjourned and he needed to return for sentencing in another month.
      • At that following hearing, he was given a reduced sentence of only court fees. 
    • The account of the court trial is specific in stating that Elder Damon himself requested that he would recant his beliefs, and also it was he who asked if they could sing a hymn, which is more in line with normal court proceedings. 
  2. EGWs claim that it was the group who made the decision as to when Elder Dammon was released [and not the Holy Spirit] is also a tell on the true scenario.  Iit was the group that was in charge of the what took place, and not the Holy Spirit:
    • “At the same moment we all felt that Eld. D. must go; that God had manifested his power for his glory, and that the name of the Lord would be further glorified in suffering him to be taken from our midst. And those men took him up as easily as they would take up a child, and carried him out.”
  3. She claims that the sheriffs men rushed out of the house because they could not withstand the power of God. Meanwhile the Sheriff testified that he stayed within the home at all times and sent his men out to reorganize, and then to get additional people to help because they didn’t have enough people to separate the group resisting them. 
    • The Sheriff was under oath during testimony, and no witness said otherwise about his recollection of the events. 

What bothers me the most is this idea EGW seems to have, that a group of believers’ actions can be equated with a supernatural manifestation of the Holy Spirit based upon their own wills. This is a concerning trait of her character, especially for one who was always claiming to have been moved by the Holy Spirit. This means that when any sort of consensus is reached within her group of acquaintances, then she is at liberty to say that it was the Holy Spirit and not of human origin.  

Lets continue. We have a lot to establish before a clear picture of EGWs accounts and where there may be errors. 

Lets look at another account which EGW gave several decades after the first, where she continues to give away details that help us build a picture of her involvement during the arrest of Elder Damman. This is a quote from a book from the Ellen White Estate and Seventh day Adventist church titled Another Look at Israel Damman by James R Nix. This is one of the official defences of these organizations in regards to the apparent false testimony of EGW.

Ellen White never wavered in her belief that something supernatural was involved with Damman’s arrest. As late as 1906 in an interview with her secretary, Clarence Crisler, Mrs. White still recalled basically the same circumstances regarding Damman’s arrest as she had described in 1860. 113

“They tried to get this Damman, and they could not get him. There he lay on the floor three quarters of an hour. ‘In the name of the state of Maine, we ask you to take hold of this man.’ Then they would rush up and grab hold of him, and they would all begin to sing, ‘We left old mystic Babylon, to sound the Jubilee.’ And their hands would slip off and they would start up. Now said I, they came up to him and began to take hold of him, they did not want me in the room, they want me to go out of the room, they said it was I that was keeping him. I stepped right out of the room, and I said, Elder Damman, the Lord will have you go with these men to this trial (sic.) and he did. He went to that trial.” 114

In another interview from about the same time, Ellen White recalled,

“When they came into the meeting to take him, he was kneeling down. They took hold of his hands and feet and tried to lift him up to take him out of the room. But they could not do this…. They would draw him a few steps, but as soon as they took their hands off him, he would slide back into the same place. They tried for two hours to take him out of the room, but without avail. Then we all felt that it would be for the glory of God for him to be taken out.”

“There were twelve men in all who came to take him….” 115

So, is there any way that we can reconcile these two accounts? Probably not totally. How then might we look at the two accounts? A couple of suggestions come to mind.

First, we might try to understand things from Ellen White’s possible perspective. Even if we were to grant to the critic that everything happened exactly as summarized by the sheriff, would that necessarily mean, as the critic is wont to claim, that Ellen White was lying, or trying to claim more for things than the situation warranted? I think not. Given Ellen White’s spiritual frame of mind at the time, having just gone through the time leading up to when she expected Jesus to return—the happiest year of her life, as she would recall it, 116 and then even more recently having been given a vision by God, doubtless her perspective on events would be very different from that of the sheriff, or of any of the other witnesses.

ALID 11.4 – ALID 12.5

The author of this book goes on to conclude: 

Were either Ellen White or J. O. Corliss lying with what they said? No. Did anyone else see what they saw? We’ll never know. But viewing the arrest through Ellen White’s eyes is one valid possibility. Everything that happened that night she saw from a spiritual perspective.

Another way to look at the differences in the two accounts is not to try to offer any explanation, but rather just simply recognize that supernatural occurrences will be viewed differently by believers and non-believers. The Bible offers numerous examples of events that believers take as supernatural, while others either deny the historicity of, or at least offer other explanations for. Everything from the biblical account of creation, to Noah’s worldwide flood, and the resurrection of Christ, not to mention all the lesser miracles in the Bible, are accepted on faith by the believer, but are downplayed, or denied, by others. Joshua and the sun standing still; Jericho’s falling walls; Hezekiah and his backward moving sundial, Jonah and his large fish; and on and on—these are all stories that the committed Christian accepts as true because the prophet recorded them as facts, while others view the same events entirely differently, providing for them naturalistic explanations, or denying the accounts completely.

ALID 13.3 – ALID 13.4

My grave concern here is that amongst other defences on various subjects of EGW, I continue to see the church leaders leaving sound reason in hopes to establish the writings of EGW as infallible. 

  1. Regarding the author’s conclusion that it’s just a mere denial of the true events that have led to the discrepancy: There were other believing witnesses in that room, and none of them testified of a supernatural manifestation happening. However they did testify that Jesus would return within “one week”, and called the Sheriff and his men the “devils rabble” on the witness stand. 
    • These witnesses for the defense were true believers, and they would have stated any such event as a sign of their faith in Jesus Christ. I believe anyone in their right mind would agree that EGWs claims were the most important detail of that evening, regardless if one was a believer or not. 
  2. If EGW were to tell the truth, then her story should always be very similar, yet in the second account from the author, EGW claims elder Dammon was on his knees and not laying on the floor while overwhelmed by the Holy Spirit as her other accounts state. She also now says that the process took 2 hours instead of ~45 minutes. 
    • In court, this is a sign of an unfaithful witness, and I see it as proof that there is error in her testimony. 
  3. The author suggests that only Ellen White was capable of seeing the true events unfolding spiritually, and with circular reasoning he then concludes that everyone else must have hallucinated a false account of the events.
    • It’s fair to mention that some heard Gods voice while others heard thunder in the new testament, and Daniel witnessed spiritual events while those around themselves hid, but those scenarios don’t match this one.  
    • The author’s own words are refuted because there were many believers in that room, and their lack of witness to the claims of EGW, which were the most spectacular event of the evening, should hold greater value than any claim or hope to the contrary.
    • If EGW can claim that physical events were not the truth because only she has the gift to see what really happened, then who will stop the next leader from doing the same? This concept is sowing the seed of bad fruit for the future.
      • In part 3 we’ll look at another reason why we can’t blindly trust her in this situation. 
    • God manifests his power so that he may be glorified, and then there will be those who still deny its power (which in context of the author’s reasoning, account for most biblical examples he uses). 
      • There are many situations where believer and non believer alike witness the power of God:
        1. Pharaoh’s Court (Exodus 7-12) The Egyptians witness signs
        2. Darius’s Court (Daniel 6) God saves Danial from the Lions
        3. The Miracle of the Gadarene Swine (Mark 5:1-20; Luke 8:26-39)
        4. The Raising of Lazarus (John 11:1-44) – many non-believers were converted by this manifestation
        5. The Pharisees were angry after witnessing God’s power
          • Healing on the Sabbath ( Luke 6:6-11)
          • Healing of a Paralyzed Man (IMark 2:1-12) 
          • The Healing of the Blind Man (John 9)
    • There is one biblical account where the presence of God scares away some men in the book of Daniel, however they were terrified by an unseen presence while Daniel witnessed the presence of spiritual beings. This sort of scenario does not account for the believers in the room that had no such experience on the night of elder Damman’s arrest. 
  4. EGW gives yet another account to the truth, saying, they did not want me in the room, they wanted me to go out of the room, they said it was I that was keeping him. I stepped right out of the room, and I said, Elder Damman, the Lord will have you go with these men to this trial”.

    This is evidence that the sheriffs men were removing individuals one by one from the home until there were too few people holding onto Elder Dammon, and that is how he was finally released. Her account was based on real events, but her account of how it happened pivots on trust in her individually.
  5. Again, the  testimony of the defense witnesses would have been true to the power of God that night had it happened the way she said. 

James R Nix makes a blanket statement in this same document that many of the witnesses were in agreement with EGWs testimony. This leads anyone who has never read the account of the court trial to believe that they stated the same events happened. These witnesses expressed belief in the authenticity of EGWs visions, but never stated anything like her account of the events that unfolded. 

Some Adventists have gone as far as to try and discredit the record of court testimony since it was only a report posted in a newspaper around that time. The official court records were lost, so the account is the only thing we have to go on. It is important to recognize that the man who was in charge of recording this account while it was happening was a justice of the peace, and thus does hold some credibility in his ability to recount what was happening in the courtroom that day. 

It has also been suggested that maybe they thought that the statements around a supernatural event were unimportant. However, to the contrary, a reasonable person would have felt that those details were important regardless if they believed or not. And that is either to say, for a statement of faith, or for a reason to say that these people were indeed very strange for believing that’s what happened. This would have been of the biggest detail, just as it was in EGWs testimony. 

Let’s take a look at the report from the Piscataquis Farmer newspaper. It should be noted that during this era, the term “promiscuous” meant a mixture of men and women. 

PISCATAQUIS FARMER

PISCATAQUIS FARMER

Devoted to politics, agriculture, literature, morals, temperance, news

Vol. 3 Dover Maine, Friday Morning, March 7, 1845 No. 31

TRIAL OF ELDER I. DAMMON REPORTED FOR THE PISCATAQUIS FARMER

In offering the public the following report I feel it due to them as well as myself, to make a few remarks. When I volunteered to do it, I had no doubt but that the examination would have been gone through with in the course of a few hours. Judge then, what must be my surprise on finding the Court House filled to over flowing, and having it occupy such a length of time. To the witnesses I will say, I have abridged your testimony as much as possible, and have omitted much of the most unimportant part, in order to shorten the work, but have endeavored in no case to misrepresent you, and if you find an error, I beg you to impute it to my head, instead of heart. –To the reader I will remark, that much of the testimony was drawn out by question, and I have omitted the questions in all cases where it could b dispensed with and shorten the work. To all, I offer it as an imperfect and impartial report. In consequence of my total inexperience, being but a laboring man, I should shrink from publishing it, but from the urgent solicitation of others. Thanking the Court for the favor of a seat, by them, and the Court and Counsel for the use of their minutes, I sign myself this once THE REPORTER.

N.B. I have preserved the language of the witnesses as much as possible.

Monday, Feb. 17, 1845

STATE OF MAINE, vs. ISRAEL DAMMON.

Prisoner arraigned before Moses Swett, Esq. of Foxcroft, associated by Seth Lee, Esq. of Atkinson, on the following complaint, to wit. To Charles P. Chandler, Esq. one of the Justices of the Peace within and for the County of Piscataquis. “HARTFORD J. ROWE, of Dover, in the Co. of Piscataquis, Yeoman, upon his oath complains, the Israel Dammon, Commorant of Atkinson, in said County, Idler, is, and for several days last past, has been a vagabond and idle person, going about in the town of Atkinson, aforesaid, in the county aforesaid, from place to place, begging: –that he the said Israel Dammon is a common railer or brawler, neglecting his calling, or employment, misspending his earnings, and does not provide for the support of himself family, & against the peace of the State of Maine, and contrary to form of Statute in such cases made and provided. He therefore prays that the said I. Dammon, may be apprehended and held to answer to said complaint and dealt with relative to the same as law and justice may require.”

Plead Not Guilty

Court adjourned to one o’clock, P.M.

Opened agreeably to adjournment.

C.P. Chandler, H.G.O. Morison, for State. J.S. Holmes, for Respondent.

Opened by Chandler. Cited chap. 178, sec. 9, Revised Statutes.

Adjourned to Court House.

EBENEZER BLETHEN, sworn. Have been in the house three times, saw nothing out of the way in Elder Dammon. Have seen others. Objected to by Holmes. Confine your remarks to prisoner, he can in no ways be accountable for the conduct of others, and I object to any testimony except what goes to show what respondent [Dammon] has said or done, as wholly irrelevant.

Question by Chandler. Who was the presiding elder at the meeting?

Ans. Elder Dammon presided and took the lead of the meetings that I attended.

CHANDLER AND MORISON. The meetings appear to be Elder Dammon’s meetings-he took the lead and guided them, and is accountable for any public misconduct, and ought to check it: we propose to show the character of his meetings, to show the character of the man. By the Court. You may relate any thing that took place at the meetings, where the respondent was presiding elder.

Witness [Blethen]. The first meeting I attended was two weeks ago yesterday [2 February 1845] –saw people setting on the floor, and laying on the floor; Dammon setting on floor; they were leaning on each other. It did not have the appearance of a religious meeting.

Cross-examination. Saw nothing like licentiousness–there was exhortation and prayer each evening. Was there last time after [for the purpose of retrieving] part of my family.

J.W.E. HARVEY, sworn. Have attended their meetings two days and four evenings. First meeting lasted eight days–have known Dammon six weeks–Dammon, White and Hall were leaders. Dammon said the sinners were going to hell in two days. They were hugging and kissing each other-Dammon would lay on the floor, then jump up-they would frequently go into another room. Dammon has no means to support himself that I know of. The meeting appeared very irreligious–have seen him sit on the floor with a woman between his legs and his arms around her.

Cross-examined. The room they went into was a back room; don’t know what was in it-I was in two rooms where there was a fire. In the back room they said the world’s people must not go. Dammon said the meeting was to be a private meeting and they wanted no one to come unless they believed as he did in the Advent doctrine. I did go considerably-If the meetings were religious ones I thought I had a right to go to them-I went to satisfy myself what was done. I had no hostile feeling against them. I think they held the first meeting a fortnight [two weeks before]. Dammon said he wanted no one to attend their meetings unless they believed in the advent doctrine.

  1. C. CROSBY, Esq. sworn. I was at the meeting last Saturday night, from about 7 o’clock to 9. There was a woman on the floor who lay on her back with a pillow under her head; she would occasionally arouse up and tell a vision which she said was revealed to her. They would at times all be talking at once, halloing at the top of their voices; some of them said there was too much sin there. After the cessation of the noise, Dammon got up and was more coherent–he complained of those that come there who did not believe in the advent doctrine. At one time Dammon said there was hogs there not belonging to the band, and pointed at me, and said, I mean you, Sir. Subsequently he addressed me again–said, you can’t drive us out of town; he stared me in the face and said, I am an honest man, or I could not look you in the face, and you have hell’s brass or you could not look me in the face. Dammon said if he was owner of the house he would compel all unbelievers to leave it–they were setting and laying on the floor promiscuously and were exceedingly noisy.

Cross-examined. Did he not say if there was any there who did not come for instruction he did not want them there.

Answer. That is not what he said–he pointed to me and said he meant you-I never was more pointedly addressed in my life–we stood five or six feet apart, most of the men were on the floor–most of the women in chairs–Do not know how long Dammon has been in town.

THOMAS PROCTOR, sworn. Saw the prisoner last Saturday–was present when he was taken; know nothing of the meetings myself.

MOSES GERRISH, sworn. I have never attended any of their meetings, when the prisoner was present.

LOTON LAMBERT, sworn. They were singing when I arrived–after singing they sat down on the floor–Dammon said a sister had a vision to relate-a woman on the floor then related her vision. Dammon said all other denominations were wicked–they were liars, whoremasters, murderers, &c.–he also run upon all such as were not believers with him. He ordered us off–we did not go. The woman that lay on the floor relating visions, was called by Elder Dammon and others, Imitation of Christ. Dammon called us hogs and devils, and said if he was the owner of the house he would drive us off–the one that they called Imitation of Christ, told Mrs. Woodbury and others, that they must forsake all their friends or go to hell. Imitation of Christ, as they called her, would lay on the floor a while, then rise up and call upon some one and say she had a vision to relate to them, which she would relate; there was one girl that they said must be baptized that night or she must go to hell; she wept bitterly and wanted to see her mother first; they told her she must leave her mother or go to hell–one voice said, let her go to hell. She finally concluded to be baptized. Imitation of Christ told her vision to a cousin of mine, that she must be baptized that night or go to hell-she objected, because she had once been baptized. Imitation of Christ was said to be a woman from Portland. A woman that they called Miss Baker, said the devil was here, and she wanted to see him–she selected me and said, you are the devil, and will go to hell. I told her she want [was not] my judge. Mr. [James] Ayer [Jr., owner of the house] then clinched me and tried to put me out door. I told him we had not come to disturb the meeting. The vision woman called [to] Joel Doore, said he had doubted, and would not be baptized again–she said Br. Doore don’t go to hell. Doore kneeled to her feet and prayed. Miss Baker and a man went into the bedroom–subsequently heard a voice in the room hallo Oh! The door was opened–I saw into the room-she was on the bed-he was hold of her; they came out of the bedroom hugging each other, she jumping up and would throw her legs between his. Miss Baker went to Mr. Doore and said, you have refused me before, he said he had–they then kissed each other–she said “that feels good”–just before they went to the water to baptize, Miss Baker went into the bedroom with a man they called Elder White–saw him help her on to the bed–the light was brought out and door closed. I did not see either of them afterwards. Once I was in the other room talking with my cousin. Dammon and others came into the room and stopped our discourse, and called her sister and me the devil. Imitation of Christ lay on the floor during the time they went down to the water to baptize, and she continued on the floor until I left, which was between the hours of 12 and 1 o’clock at night.

Cross-examined. 

Answer. The visionist lay down on the floor I should think about 7 o’clock–she lay there from that time until I left. Dammon and others called her Imitation of Christ. Part of the time Dammon was down on the floor on his back–can’t say certainly who first said she was Imitation of Christ, but can say Dammon repeatedly said so–Dammon said Christ revealed to her and she to others. I am not acquainted with Elder White. They called him Eld. White. They said if the Almighty had anything to say he revealed it to her, and she acted as mediator.

  1. RICKER, sworn. Know Elder Dammon–I went to attend their meeting once: they told me there would be none–I asked them where it would be on the next Sabbath? They told me they know not where; but they did not admit any but the advent band. I asked Dammon if that was Christ’s religion? He said it is ours.

LEONARD DOWNES, sworn. –Went to meeting with Loten Lambert, and kept with him; heard him testify, and know what he has related to be true. He omitted one thing. I saw Dammon kiss other people’s wives. (Witness underwent a severe cross examination, in which his testimony was so near a repetition of Mr. Lambert’s, that it is by me, considered useless to copy it.)

  1. C. CROSBY, reexamined. I saw no kissing, but heard about it. I did not stay late, went about 7, left about 9 o’clock. After the visionist called them up she told them they doubted. Her object seemed to be to convince them they must not doubt. Dammon called the churches whoremasters, liars, thieves, scoundrels, wolves in sheep’s clothing, murders, &c. He said read the STAR. By spells it was the most noisy assembly I ever attended-there was no order or regularity, nor anything that resembled any other meeting I ever attended–Dammon seemed to have the lead and the most art. I don’t say Dammon shouted the loudest; I think some others stronger in the lungs than he.

DEACON JAMES ROWE, sworn. I was at Ayer’s a short time last Saturday evening–Elder Dammon found fault with us for coming to his meeting-he spoke of other denominations as Esq. Crosby has just testified–said the church members were the worst people in the world. I have been young, and now am old, and of all the places I ever was in, I never saw such a confusion, not even in a drunken frolic. Dammon stood up on the floor and said, I am going to stand here–and while I stand here, they can’t hurt you, neither men nor devils can’t hurt you.

Cross-examined. He said all churches, made no distinction. I put no meaning to what he said, I only state what he did say. I have been acquainted with the prisoner twenty or thirty years; his character was good until recently.

JEREMIAH B. GREEN, sworn. I attended an afternoon meeting a fortnight ago yesterday–they had an exhortation and prayer in the evening–I saw men wash men’s feet, and women wash women’s feet–they had dishes of water-Elder Dammon was the presiding elder–I saw Dammon kiss Mrs. Osborn.

EBENEZER TRUNDY, sworn. I was at meeting week before last, –I heard Dammon say, “God’s a coming! God’s a coming!!” Mr. Boobar was telling of going into the woods to labor–Dammon said he ought not to go. Boobar said he had a family to support and was poor. Dammon told him he must live on them that had property, and if God did not come then we must all go to work together.

JOSEPH MOULTON, sworn. When I went to arrest prisoner, they shut the door against me. Finding I could not gain access to him without, I burst open the door. I went to the prisoner and took him by the hand and told him my business. A number of women jumped on to him–he clung to them, and they to him. So great was the resistance, that I with three assistants, could not get him out. I remained in the house and sent for more help; after they arrived we made a second attempt with the same result–I again sent for more help–after they arrived we overpowered them and got him out door in custody. We were resisted by both men and women. Can’t describe the place-it was one continued shout.

  1. C. CROSBY, Esq., called again. Prisoner has been reported to have been there about a fortnight, with no visible means of support.

J.W.E. HARVEY, reexamined. Prisoner has been there considerable. I know of no means he has of support, other than to live on his followers.

  1. PROCTOR, reexamined. Prisoner has been reported as a man who has no means of support–I do not know of his having any.

JACOB MARTIN, Esq., Selectman of Atkinson, sworn. It is the common report that the prisoner is living upon his followers. I have attended no meetings of their’s. Have seen a number of sleighs there, and fifteen or twenty strangers.

BENJAMIN SMITH, Esq., Selectman of Atkinson, sworn. I have been called upon by the citizens of Atkinson to interfere and put a stop to these meetings–they gave as a reason, that the defendant and others were living upon certain citizens of said town–and that they were liable to become town charge. I started today to go there, but learned that the prisoner had been arrested and that the others had dispersed.

 

Here the government stopped. Court adjourned to half past 6 o’clock.

Evening–Respondent’s [defense] witnesses.

 

JAMES AYER, JR., affirmed. The most of the meetings were at my house. I have generally attended them–sometimes I was out. I have heard the testimony on the part of the State. Some things stated I do not recollect. I was there last Saturday evening–saw no kissing. I agree with Crosby and Lambert substantially. I understood prisoner to say there were members of the churches who he referred to instead of the whole. Saw the woman with a pillow under her head–her name is Miss Ellen Harmon, of Portland. I heard nothing said by her or others about Imitation of Christ. I saw Miss Baker laying on the floor. I saw her fall. Saw Miss Baker and Sister Osborn go into the bedroom–Sister Osborn helped her on to the bed, came out and shut the door. There was no man in the bedroom that evening. I heard the noise in the bedroom–Brother Wood of Orrington and I went in; asked her what was the matter, she made no reply, and I went out. Brother Wood assisted her off of the bed, and helped her out–she appeared in distress. She told brother Doore she was distressed on his account–was afraid he would lose his soul, and advised him to be baptized. Did not see them kiss each other. It is a part of our faith to kiss each other–brothers kiss sisters and sisters kiss brothers, I think we have Bible authority for that. [Note: The Bible certainly does tell of the holy kiss. But it was not just men kissing women and women kissing men. Men kissed men (Genesis 27, Genesis 29, Genesis 31, etc. & Matthew 26, Mark 14, Luke 22, etc.) and women kissed women (Ruth).] I understood the prisoner to say, there was an account in the STAR of a deacon who had killed seven men. the reason of our kneeling, I consider an object of humiliation.

Cross-examined. –I know nothing about Miss Harmon’s character. I did not say there was no kissing–I saw none. I did not hear her called Imitation of Christ. Elder Dammon has had no other business, but to attend meetings. He and another man from Exeter, came with a young girl. Dammon said he had a spiritual wife and he was glad of it. I went to Mr. Lambert and said if he disturbed the meeting, he must go out door. We went to the water after 11 o’clock–Brother Dammon baptized two. I know nothing about Sister Baker’s character–seen her at meeting in Orrington. I understood Sister Harmon had a vision at Portland, and was traveling through the country relating it.

JOB MOODY, affirmed. I was at meeting Saturday evening. Brother Dammon said in relation to other churches they were bad enough; said they were corrupt; he spoke of the STAR–he did not say they were thieves, &c. I am not certain, but think he said that evening there was exceptions. Sister Harmon would lay on the floor in a trance, and the Lord would reveal their cases to her, and she to them.

By the Court [a question of Moody]. Answer. Mr. Dammon repeatedly urged upon us the necessity of quitting all labor. Kissing is a salutation of love; I greet them so–we have got positive scripture for it–I reside in Exeter.

Here the witness was told he might take his seat. He said I have some testimony in relation to Brother Dammon’s character, if I am not a going to be called again. He then stated that he had been acquainted with Brother Dammon five or sic years, and his character was good. He works part of the time, and preaches a part of the time. I have been serving the Lord and hammering against the devil of late.

ISLEY OSBORN, affirmed. I know nothing bad in Brother Dammon’s character. He believes there is good, bad and indifferent in all churches-he thinks it best to come out from them, because there is so many that has fallen from their holy position. Do not recollect hearing him use the expressions about churches they have sworn to, but have heard him use as strong language against them. Do not call Sister Harmon Imitation of Christ. They lose their strength and fall on the floor. The Lord communicates to them through a vision, so we call it the Lord. Brother White did not go into the bedroom, nor any other man.

Cross-examined. She told them their cases had been made known to her by the Lord, and if they were not baptized that evening, they would go to hell. We believed her, and Brother Dammon and I advised them to be baptized. Brother Dammon thought it best to keep the meetings secret, so they would not crowd in. Hold to kissing–have scripture exhortation for that. Sister Baker has a good character–the wickedest man in Orrington says she has a good character, and that’s enough to establish any character, when the worst man admits it. (roar of laughter) We wish to go through the ordinance of washing feet in secret. Did not see any kissing, but presume their was, as it is a part of our faith. Think Esq. Crosby’s testimony correct.

By Court [a question]: — Answer. Elder Dammon does advise us to quit all work.

ABRAHAM PEASE, affirmed. Reside in Exeter, prisoner’s character is as good as any man in Exeter. He has a small farm, and small family. He is a reformation preacher–reformation has followed his preaching.

GARDNER FARMER, affirmed. Reside in Exeter–prisoner provides well for his family. He has been to my house, and I to his–he always behaves well. I saw him in Atkinson a fortnight ago last Tuesday.

 

Court adjourned to Tuesday morning 9 o’clock.

Tuesday, [Feb.] 18.

 

JACOB MASON, affirmed. Reside in Garland. Brother Dammon said the churches were of that description–said they were lyers [sic], rogues, &c. I did not understand him to include all, but individuals. Sister Baker’s character is good. Do not recollect of Brother Gallison using any compulsion, to make his daughter go forward in baptism. I saw Elder White after Sister Baker went into the bedroom, near Sister Harmon in a trance–some of the time he held her head. She was in a vision, part of the time insensible. Saw nothing improper in Brother Dammon that evening. I never knew him [to be] a beggar, or wasting his time.

Cross-examined. Do not know who it was that went into the bedroom with Sister Baker–he was a stranger to me; he soon came out. Can’t say how soon he went in again. I have heard Crosby testify, and think him correct. I thought her visions were from God–she would describe out their cases correct. She described mine correct. I saw kissing out door, but not in the house. A part of the time we sat on the floor–both men and women promiscuously. I saw no man go into the bedroom. They wash feet in the evening. It is a practice in our order to kiss, on our meeting each other. Sister Harmon was not called Imitation of Christ to my knowledge. I think I should have heard it if she was. I believe in visions. Sister Harmon is eighteen or nineteen years of age; she is from Portland.

JOEL DOOR, affirmed. Reside in Atkinson–Elder Dammon said there was bad characters in the churches; I did no understand him to say all. He preaches louder than most people; no more noisy than common preachers of this faith. The vision woman would lay looking up when she came out of her trance-she would point to someone, and tell them their cases, which she said was from the Lord. She told a number of visions that evening. Brother Gallison’s daughter wanted to see her mother before she was baptized, but finally concluded to be baptized without seeing her. Sister Baker got up off the floor, and went to Lambert to talk with him. I saw no more of her, until I heard a noise in the bedroom–they went and got her out, as the other witnesses have stated. After she came out, she said she had a message to me. She said I had thought hard of her, (I acknowledged I had) but I became satisfied of my error, and fellowshipped her. We kissed each other with the holy kiss–I think Elder White was not in the bedroom that evening; but I don’t know how many, nor who were there. The girls that was baptized were seventeen years old, one of them had been baptized before. We have Scripture enough for every thing that was done. There was not one tenth part of the noise Saturday evening, that there generally is at the meetings I attend. As far as I am acquainted with Elder Dammon, I consider him a moral good man.

Cross-examined. When she kissed me, she said there was light ahead. We believe her (Miss Baker’s) visions genuine. We believe Miss Harmon’s genuine–t’was our understanding that their visions were from God. Miss Hammond [Harmon] told five visions Saturday night. I did not tell any person yesterday that it was necessary to have anyone in the room with her to bring out her trances. I did engage counsel in this case to defend the prisoner.

JOHN H. DOORE, sworn. I was not at meeting Saturday evening. I belong to the society, and have seen nothing out of character in anyone. Don’t consider Elder Dammon a bad man–he a man I highly esteem. My daughter was baptized Saturday evening–she has been baptized before. I have seen both men and women crawl across the floor on their hands and knees.

GEORGE S. WOODBURY, sworn. I am a believer in the Advent doctrine-I have attended every one of the meetings in Atkinson. (This witness was very lengthy in his testimony, both on examination and cross examination. It amounts to the same as the preceding witnesses for the defense with the following additions.) He thinks Elder White was not in the bedroom, but others were in. We don’t acknowledge any leaders, but speak according to the impulse. The elders baptize. I believe in Miss Harmon’s visions, because she told my wife’s feelings correctly. It is my impression that prisoner kissed my wife. I believe the world will come to an end within two months-prisoner preaches so. I believe this is the faith of the band. It was said, and I believe, that Sisters Harmon and Baker’s revelations as much as though they came from God. Sister Harmon said to my wife and the girls if they did not do as she said, they would go to hell. My wife and Dammon passed across the floor on their hands and knees. Some man did go into the bedroom. Heard Brother Dammon say the gift of healing the sick lay in the church.

By the Court [a question]. Answer. Elder Dammon advises us not to work, because there is enough to live on until the end of the world.

JOHN GALLISON, affirmed. (Chandler observed that he had thought of objecting to this witness on the ground of insanity, but upon reflection, he would let him proceed, as he believed it [his insanity] would sufficiently appear in the course of the examination.) I have been acquainted with Elder Dammon as a Freewill elder a number of years. He asked Dammon how long it was. D. answered six years. I have been at his house frequently–everything was in order and in its proper place. I have attended every meeting. I have seen some laying on the floor, two or more at a time–have seen nothing bad in the meetings. (Witness here described the position Miss Harmon lay in on the floor, when she was in a trance, and offered to lay down and show the Court if they wished to see. Court waived it.) Witness related the visions similar to the other witnesses, but more unintelligible. Did not hear her called Imitation of Christ. I know she won’t [was not], for we don’t worship idols.

Cross-examined. I believe in visions, and perfectly understand that, but suppose we are not before an Ecclesiastical Council. Elder Dammon does not believe as he used to. (Witness read from the bible.) We do wash each other’s feet–do creep on the floor very decently. I think he has baptized about eleven, but can’t say certain how many–I have the privilege of knowing how they behave as well as anyone else. I have no doubt Sister Harmon’s visions were from God–she told my daughter so. I was in favor of my daughter being baptized–I could not see ahead to see the devil’s rabble coming, but since they have come, I am certain we did just right.

ABEL S. BOOBAR, affirmed. (Most of the testimony of this witness was a repetition of what others have testified to, of which the reader I think must be weary.) I did not see White go into the bedroom with Miss Baker–heard the noise in the bedroom. Others did go in. Elder Dammmon said the churches were in a fallen state, and he had rather risk himself in the hands of the almighty as a non-professor, than to be in the place of some of the churches. I believe fully in the faith. (Witness affirmed the story of kissing, rolling on the floor, and washing of feet.)

JOSHUA BURNHAM, sworn. I have know Miss Dorinda Baker from five years of age–her character is good–she is now twenty-three or twenty-four years of age. She is a sickly girl, her father has expended $1,000 in doctoring her. I was at the meeting Saturday night–it was appointed for the lady to tell her visions.

Adjourned to half past one o’clock.

LEVI M. DOORE, sworn. I have attended more than half of the meetings-my brother’s testimony is correct–agree also with Mr. Boobar.

Question by Respondent. Answer. Elder Dammon’s mode of worship now is similar to what it used to be.

Cross-examined by Morison. Did they use to sit on the floor? Ans. No. Did they use to kiss each other? Ans. No. did they use to go into the bedroom? Ans. No. did they use to tell visions? Ans. No.

By Morison. Why do you say that his mode of worship is similar to what it used to be? Because he preaches similar. Did he use to preach that the end of the world was at hand, and baptize in the dead hours of night? Ans. No. The reason we sit on the floor is to convene more people–sometimes we take some in our laps, but not male and female. Don’t know of Brother D[ammon] spending money uselessly. I am a believer. Sometimes we sit on the floor for formality. Our faith don’t hold it to be essential. (Witness repeated the mode of kissing, visions, &c. similar to the others.) I never heard Brother Dammon say he wished to destroy the marriage covenant. (Respondent here reexamined a number of witnesses, all of who testified that he used his wife well, and appeared to love her.)

STEPHEN FISH, Exeter, sworn. I attended the meetings at Atkinson, last summer–have attended most all of the Quarterly Meetings for seven years–have been to Elder Dammon’s house, and he to mine–he provides well in his house–he has always opposed the mode of paying the ministry by regular salary. (Here the defense closed.)

 

WITNESSES FOR STATE.

EBENEZER LAMBERT, Esq., sworn. Last Sunday evening Loton Lambert told me the story of the meeting the evening before–he related as he testified yesterday almost verbatim.

JOHN BARTLETT, of Garland, sworn. I have heard the respondent say that one of their band was a near to him as another–he considered them all alike. It is the general opinion of our town that the prisoner is a disturber of the peace, and ought to be taken care of. I have been acquainted with Elder Dammon seven years–his character was always good until within about six weeks.

LOTON LAMBERT, reexamined. He affirmed all his former testimony-does not know Elder White, but Joel Doore told me it was White that was in the bedroom with Miss Baker.

Cross-examined. There was nothing to obstruct my views–the man had on a dark colored short jacket, and I think light pantaloons.

LEONARD DOWNES, reexamined. Did see Miss Baker come out of the bedroom with a man he had his arm around her–see her go in with a man and shut the door. He had on a short jacket, dark colored, and light colored pantaloons-saw her kiss Mr. Doore–she said “that feels good.”

THOMAS PROCTOR, reexamined. Prisoner stated to me that Miss Baker had an exercise in the bedroom, and he went in and helped her out.

Cross-examined. I have said I wished they were broken up, and wished somebody would go and do it. I have said Elder Hall ought to be tarred and feathered if he was such a character as I heard he was. I was at one meeting, but as to divine worship there was none. They told us they allowed none there but believers.

  1. S. BARTLETT, Esq., sworn. Yesterday I saw Mr. Joel Doore and Loton Lambert conversing together. I went to them–I heard Doore say to him, it was Elder White that was in the bedroom with Miss Baker–Lambert said that was what I wanted to know. I so understood, and think I am not mistaken. I also heard Doore say there was a noise in the bedroom.

ELDER FLAVEL BARTLETT, sworn. I think Prisoner does not belong to the Free Will Baptist Church. He is not fellowship with them.

JOSEPH KNIGHTS of Garland, sworn. I attended one of Dammon’s meetings in Garland, he behaved well until meeting was over. After meeting was over I saw him hugging and kissing a girl. It is the common report in Garland, that he is a disturber of the peace.

PLYN CLARK, sworn. I attended their meeting a week ago last Wednesday or Thursday night. (This witness gave a general character of the meeting as described by others.) I heard one hallo out “I feel better”–others said “good enough.” I think the whole character of the meeting was demoralizing.

J.W.E. HARVEY, called. I have attended the meetings a number of times-I have seen prisoner on the floor with a woman between his legs–I have seen them in groups hugging and kissing one another. I went there once on an errand–Dam[mon] halloed out “Good God Almighty, drive the Devil away.” I once saw Elder Hall with his boots off, and the women would go and kiss his feet. One girl made a smack, but did not hit his foot with her lips. Hall said “he that is ashamed of me before men, him will I be ashamed of before my Father and the holy angels.” She then gave his feet a number of kisses.

JOEL DOORE, JR., called for the defense. I have heard Brother Dammon preach that the day of grace was over with sinners. Respondent said “that is my belief.”

LEVI M. DOORE, called. Brother Wood was dressed in light pants and dark jacket.

JOEL DOOR, JR., called. Brother Wood had light pants and dark jacket.

ABEL AYER, called. Brother Wood went to the baptism and was about all the evening.

JAMES BOOBAR, called. Sister Baker and Br[other] Wood were about all the evening. Elder White had a frock coat and dark pants.

PRISONER opened his defense and cited Luke 7 chapter 36 verse–John 13 chapter–Last chapter in Romans–Philippians 4th chapter–1st Thessalonians 5th chapter. Holmes followed with the defense. Court adjourned one hour.

 

Holmes closed the defense with signal ability. chandler commenced in behalf of the State. Cited 178 chapter 9th and 10th sections Revised Statutes; he dwelt upon the law; after which MORISON summoned up the testimony and closed with a few brief and appropriate remarks.

 

ELDER DAMMON again rose for further defense. Court indulged him to speak. He read 126th Psalm, and the 50th Psalm. He argued that the day of grace had gone by, that the believers were reduced; but that there was too many yet, and that the end of the world would come within a week. The Court after consultation sentenced the prisoner to the House of Correction for the space of Ten Days, From this judgment Respondent appealed. 

Tuesday morning the prisoner having taken his seat, rose just as the Court came in, and shouted Glory to the strength of his lungs. 

Tuesday afternoon, after the Court had came in and were waiting for the counsel, the prisoner and his witnesses asked permission, and sang.

It is the testimony of JOHN GALLISON that strikes me as the most compelling evidence in contrast to EGWs testimony. If he was willing to say what he did, then he was willing to testify against the Sheriff’s account of the group holding onto elder Dammon. The same for Elder Dammon, as he was willing to state that Jesus would return in one week. That man had nothing to lose by telling the truth. 

Are we to believe that even Dammon perceived that it was the group of believers who held onto him, but the truth was EGWs account of it actually being the God’s Spirit?

Why did Elder Dammon’s faith in Seventh day Adventism fail on account of Ellen White in particular? He didn’t find her credible. I can’t help but wonder if this was another clue. 

I’m sure anyone with blind faith will have an answer for this, so it is rhetorical, but how is it that God would have only manifested his power to one person, especially in knowing how things were going to turn out later on?

Should God’s glory be diminished and the testimony of Ellen White increased? I feel like that is what is happening if I believe only she could see the reality happening around her. 

If no other testimony, finding this section for me was a wakeup call. It was the day I realized I could not turn back until I had read through everything people have to say. 

Had this been a single incident of apparent dishonesty, I would still think maybe I was wrong. In part 3 we will discuss why I believe that she knew she was capable of stretching the truth. 

 

References:

1. Miles Grant, An Examination of Mrs. Ellen White’s Visions, Boston: Published by the Advent Christian Publication Society, 1877.

 

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